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ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ืคื•ื˜ื•(ื‘)ืœื•ื’ื™ื”

6100.0001.052
ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง โ€“ ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื ืช 1965

ืฉืœื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ-ืื‘ืจื”ื

ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 1965 ื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘-2 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ื•ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช (ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืขื“ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 1978, ืื– ืคื•ืฆืœื• ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื). ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืื– ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื˜"ื–, ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœืื’ื•ื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืคื•ืขืœื™ ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื ืชืžื›ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช, ืืš ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
ื‘ืชืฆืœื•ื ื ืจืื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื›ื ืก ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื”, ืฉื ืขืจืš ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”. ืžืฆื•ืœืžื™ื ืžืฉืžืืœ ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ: ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื“ืžืŸ, ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžื›ื”ืŸ ืื–, ืžื˜ืขื ืคื•ืขืœื™ ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื™ื™ืฆื’ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™; ืœื™ื“ื• ื”ืจื‘ ืžื•ื™ืฉ'ื” ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืจ, ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืกื’ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื ืฆื™ื’ ื—ื•ื’ ื—ืช"ื ืกื•ืคืจ, ืฉื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื–; ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœืžื” ืืฉืœื’, ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง (ืœื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช); ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืื™ืจ, ื ืฆื™ื’ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจ; ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื•ื™ื˜ืงื™ื ื“, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื•ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื; ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื•ื ืฆ'ื’, ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขืกืงืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจ (ืœื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”).

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืื™ืจ (ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžืฉืžืืœ) ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 1925 ืžื–ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ืœื“, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•. ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขืœืชื” ืืจืฆื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื’ื•ืจ. ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง ื“ืื– ืžื ืชื” ืื– ื›-660 ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

 

ืžืกืคืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืื™ืจ:
"ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ื‘ืŸ 14. ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื” ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ืื ื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืื“ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื”, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” "ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื" ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™. ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืžื›ื™ "ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™", ืžืคื"ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื• ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ืชื•ืœื™ื ื›ืจื–ื•ืช ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืคื ื•ื™, ืื• ืžื•ื˜ื‘ โ€“ ืขืœ ื›ืจื–ื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืชื—ืจื”โ€ฆ
ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจืฉื™ืžื” ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืจื—ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉื ืขืœื” ื•ื ืชืœื” ื›ืจื–ื” ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”. ื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ื›ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื›ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•. ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช.
ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ื™ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ืขื–ืจื ื• ืœื–ืงื ื™ื ืœืจื“ืช ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืชื ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืืœ ื”ืงืœืคื™. ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืžืชืœื‘ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืคื’ื ื• ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช. ื”ื—ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื”, ืคืชื—ื• ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช "ืคืก ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ" ืœื”ื›ื ืช ื›ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืงืœืคื™ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื™ ื ืฉืœื—ื ื• ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื™ื. ืจื‘ืข ืžื”ื ืื›ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืšโ€ฆ
ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื’ื ืื‘ื™, ืฉืื– ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืจืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืงื™ืžื™ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื“ืจื’ืช ืกื’ืŸ ืืœื•ืฃ ื•ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืกื’ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื’ื•ืจืŸ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืืฆืœื ื•.
ืื‘ื™ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืžื•ืขืฆื” ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช 1974 ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1976 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืคื“"ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืจื•ื˜ืฆื™ื”, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืกื’ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื›ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืื‘ื™ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื›ืœ. ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื’ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ืžืฉื ื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช, ืขืช ื”ืงื™ื ื•ื ื™ื”ืœ ืืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืืžืจื™ ืืžืช" ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง. ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื›ื™ื•"ืจ ื’ื ื–ืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื, ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“, ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื”ื ืฆื—ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”, ืขื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
ืื‘ื™ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2015 ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจ ืœื ื• ืžืื•ื“. ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ืช ืคืขืœื™ื. ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ื’ื ื–ืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื•ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื•ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”."

ื’ื ื–ืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง

ืœืืœื‘ื•ื ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืžืื™ืจ, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง ื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ