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ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ืคื•ื˜ื•(ื‘)ืœื•ื’ื™ื”

0100060.01.8001
'ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื—ืœื‘' ื‘ืจืขื ื ื”- ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื—ืœื‘ืŸ

ืฉืœื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ-ืื‘ืจื”ื
"ืœืคืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืงืจืื• 'ืฉืžื—ื”', ื›ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืคืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืงืจืื• 'ื—ื“ื•ื•ื”'. ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ, ื•ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื•ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ื™ื. ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ืœืงืชื™ ื—ืœื‘, ืœืžื›ืจื™ื ืฉื’ืจื• ืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืžืœืืช ื›ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื—ืœื‘, ื•ืœื• ืžื›ืกื” ื•ื™ื“ื™ืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืœื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื. ื ืกืขืชื™ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื– ื‘ืช ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ. ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืžื”ื—ืœื‘ ื’ื ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฆื ืข ื’ื ืžืื›ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืขื“ืŸ". ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸ (ืื– ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ) ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืงืงื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœื ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžืื– ื™ืžื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื”, ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืืจืœื•ื–ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืจืขื ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื.

"ืœืคืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืงืจืื• 'ืฉืžื—ื”', ื›ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืคืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืงืจืื• 'ื—ื“ื•ื•ื”'. ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ, ื•ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื•ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ื™ื. ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ืœืงืชื™ ื—ืœื‘, ืœืžื›ืจื™ื ืฉื’ืจื• ืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืžืœืืช ื›ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื—ืœื‘, ื•ืœื• ืžื›ืกื” ื•ื™ื“ื™ืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืœื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื. ื ืกืขืชื™ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื– ื‘ืช ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ. ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืžื”ื—ืœื‘ ื’ื ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฆื ืข ื’ื ืžืื›ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืขื“ืŸ". ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸ (ืื– ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ) ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืงืงื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœื ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžืื– ื™ืžื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื”, ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืืจืœื•ื–ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืจืขื ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื.

ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื“ื” ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื”, ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืืจืœื•ื–ืจื•ื‘, ืจืขื ื ื”, 1948 ื‘ืขืจืš

ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœื”, ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื” ื›ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื‘ื” ืฉืœ 'ื—ื‘ืจืช ืื—ื•ื–ื”', ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื’ื‘ืขืช ื—"ืŸ. ื›ืฉื ืกื’ืจื” ื”ืžื—ืœื‘ื” ืคื•ื˜ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื ืืœืฅ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืคืจื ืกื” ืื—ืจ. ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉื—ืกืš ืงื ื” ืกื•ืก, ืขื’ืœื”, ื•ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื– ืจืขื ื ื” ื“ืื–.

ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ื ื–ื›ืจืช ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ืฉืš ื”ืกื•ืก ืืช ืื‘ื™ื”, ื ืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ืื•ืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื›ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืงื ื” ืกื•ืก ื—ื“ืฉ, ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข ืžืงื•ื“ืžื•, ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœื—ืœืง ื—ืœื‘ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฉืœื•: ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื‘ื™, ื‘ื•ืจื•ื›ื•ื‘, ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ืจืขื ื ื”,1970.ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ (ื‘ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืจืขื ื ื”)

"ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื‘ื™ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืž'ืชื ื•ื‘ื”', ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžืชื›ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืกื•ืคื™ื. ืืช ื”ื›ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื™ื— ื‘ืขื’ืœื”, ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืฆืœืฆืœ ื‘ืคืขืžื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื "ื—ืœื‘, ื—ืœื‘". ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขืงืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืœื™ื• ืขื ื›ืœื™ ืจื™ืง ื•ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืงื ื•ืช. ืžื”ื›ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื–ื’ ืื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ ืœื›ืœื™ ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืžืชื›ืช, ืฉืงืจืื ื• ืœื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”'ืœื™ื˜ืจ', ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ื›ื™ืœ. ืžื›ืœื™ ื”'ืœื™ื˜ืจ' ืžื–ื’ ืื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ ืœื›ืœื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื• ื”ืงื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ืช.

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื•, ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื ื™ ืื ืฆืขื™ืจื”. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืื™ืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœืช ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืขื ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืคืขื•ื˜ื” ืื•ืจื™ืช. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ื™ ืžืขืœื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื’ืœื” ื•ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื” ืœื™ื“ื•, ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืื•ืฉืจืช ืžืžื ื”. ืœืกื•ืก ืงืจืื• 'ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื•ืก', ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.

ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืืจืœื•ื–ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืจืขื ื ื”, ืขื ื ื›ื“ื™ื• ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืงืœื ืจ (ื‘ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื•)ื•ืื•ืจื™ืช ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸ (ืขื•ืžื“ืช), 1964 ื‘ืขืจืš

ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื• ื’ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืขื’ืœื”, ืชื•ืฆืจืช 'ื˜ืจื”' ื•'ื˜ื ื ื ื•ื’ื”'. ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื˜ื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ืคืจื’ืžื ื˜. ืืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื–. ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื›ื ื•ืช, ืฉืžื™ื ืชื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœ'ืžื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช': ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชื’ื ื‘ืช ืœืขื’ืœื”, ืžืกื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ื•ื˜ื•ืขืžืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื‘ื•ืฉื”, ืžืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘. ืื‘ื™ 'ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ' ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืžืจ ืœื” ืžื™ืœื”. ืจืขื ื ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืื– ื•ื”ืงืคื“ื ื• ืžืื“ ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื’ื ืื ื ื“ืจืฉื• ื•ื™ืชื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื”ืขืœืžืช ืขื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”.

ื›ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœืฉื•ื•ืง ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืขื ืžื›ืกื” ืžื ื™ื™ืจ ืืœื•ืžื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ: ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืžื–ื•ื’ ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื™ื— ื‘ืคื™ื ืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืืจื’ื– ืขื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื—ืœื‘, ืืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืคื–ืจืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื” ืฉืกื•ื›ื ืขื ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงื ื• ื‘ื”ืงืคื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืื—ืช ืœืฉื‘ื•ืข. ืืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืจื™ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื ืื• ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ."

ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ืง ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ืœื—ืœืง ื—ืœื‘, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืจื‘ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืจืขื ื ื” ื”ืชืจื’ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื‘ืžืจื›ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืžื“ืœืช ืœื“ืœืช ืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ืืš ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืœื‘, ืื• 'ื”ื—ืœื‘ืŸ', ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงืจื ืื–, ื ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ ื•ืจืขื ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืจืขื ื ื”, ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืชื™ืขื“ื• ืืช ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸ, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื™ื–ื "ืจืขื ื ื” ื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ", ืชืœื•ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื ืฆื™ื— ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื–ื”.

'ืžื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืœื‘', ืฉื™ื™ืงื” ื‘ืŸ ื™ืœื™ื“, ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“. ืžืชื•ืš ืชืขืจื•ื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื• "ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืขื" ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืจืขื ื ื”.

ืœืืœื‘ื•ื ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸืจืขื ื ื” ื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ 

ืœืืœื‘ื•ื ืžื™ื›ืืœื” ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸืœื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸืจืขื ื ื” ื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ

ืกื™ื™ืขื” ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ื: ืื•ืจื™ืช ื’ืจื•ืกืžืŸ